Ụkpụrụ ọrụ na nhazi nke bearings magnetik

 

Magnetik amịEnwere ike kewaa usoro atọ dịka ụkpụrụ ọrụ ha si dị: Active Magnetic Bearing, Passive Magnetic Bearing, na Hybrid Magnetic Bearing.

 

Ibu magnetik na-arụ ọrụ

 

Ndị na-arụ ọrụ na magnetik na-eji ike eletriki a na-achịkwa achịkwa iji mee ka ogwe na-agbagharị agbagharị, nke bụkarị rotors, solenoids, sensọ, njikwa, na amplifiers ike. A na-etinye solenoids ahụ na stator nke a kwụgidere n'ọhịa magnet nke electromagnets tinyere na radial symmetry mepụtara, nke ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere otu ma ọ bụ karịa sensọ iji na-enyocha mgbanwe na ọnọdụ ogwe ahụ mgbe niile. Ihe mgbaàmà sitere na sensọ ahụ, site n'enyemaka nke sistemụ njikwa eletrọnịkị, na-agbazi ọkụ eletrik site na electromagnet, ka o wee chịkwaa mmasị nke electromagnet ahụ, ka ogwe na-agbagharị na-agba ọsọ n'ọnọdụ kwụsiri ike na nke ziri ezi, ma mezuo ụfọdụ ihe achọrọ maka izi ezi.

 

Enwere ike kewaa bearing magnetik na-arụ ọrụ n'ime njikwa ugbu a na njikwa voltaji dịka usoro njikwa dị iche iche si dị, enwere ike kewaa ya n'ime bearing magnetik radial na bearing magnetik axial dịka usoro nkwado dị iche iche si dị. Ugbu a, n'ime bearing magnetik na-arụ ọrụ, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ bearing magnetik DC na-achịkwa.

 

Akụkụ igwe nke ihe ndọta na-arụ ọrụ na-abụkarị ihe e ji radial bearing na axial bearing mee, ihe e ji radial bearing bụ stator (electromagnet) na rotor mee; ihe e ji radial bearing nwere stator (electromagnet) na efere thrust mee.

 

Ebe ọ bụ na ihe na-arụ ọrụ na magnetik nwere uru nke ọnọdụ rotor, sistemụ njikwa nwere ike ịchọpụta ike na damping, ọ bụ ya ka eji eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ọhịa nke magnetik levitation, nnyocha nke magnetik na-arụ ọrụ abụrụla isi ihe na-eme nnyocha teknụzụ magnetik levitation. Mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke ọrụ siri ike gasịrị, ozizi na usoro nhazi ya aghọọla ihe tozuru oke.

 

Ibu magnetik na-arụ ọrụ

 

Dịka ụdị nke magnetik, passive magnetik bearing nwere uru pụrụ iche nke ya, ọ dị obere n'ogo, ọ naghị eji ike eme ihe, ọ dịkwa mfe nhazi. Ihe dị iche n'etiti passive magnetik bearing na active magnetik bearing bụ na nke mbụ enweghị sistemụ njikwa eletrọniki na-arụ ọrụ, mana ọ na-eji njirimara nke magnetik n'onwe ya iji mee ka ogwe na-agbagharị agbagharị. Ugbu a, passive magnetik bearing kachasị eji bụ performance magnet bearing nke mejupụtara na-adịgide adịgide magnet. Enwere ike kewaa performance magnet bearing n'ụdị abụọ: ụdị repulsion na ụdị suction.

 

Enwere ike iji bearing magnet na-adịgide adịgide dị ka bearing radial na bearing thrust (bearing axial), ha abụọ nwere ike ịbụ mmiri ma ọ bụ ihe ndọghachi azụ. Dabere na ntụziaka magnetization na ọnọdụ dị n'etiti mgbanaka magnet, bearing magnet na-adịgide adịgide nwere ọtụtụ usoro sekit magnet. Mana enwere usoro abụọ bụ isi.

 

Ụdị nke ọzọ nke passive magnet bearing dabere na ike amịkọrọ, nke na-arụ ọrụ n'etiti ihe magnet soft magnetized. Mgbe ihe rotor na-agagharị n'ụzọ radial, mmetụta mịkọrọ na-abịa site na mgbanwe na magnetoresistance, ya mere a na-akpọkwa ya "magnetic bearing". Enwere ike ịhazi ụdị mịkọrọ a ka akụkụ magnet na-adịgide adịgide ghara ịtụgharị, naanị akụkụ ígwè dị nro na-atụgharị, ka sistemụ ahụ wee nwee nkwụsi ike ka mma.

 

Njikọta nke mmetụta kwụsiri ike nke bearing relapse na solenoids na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka sistemụ magnetic nwee obere oriri ike.

 

Biarin magnetik ngwakọ

 

A na-emepụta bearing magnet ngwakọ dabere na bearing magnet na-arụ ọrụ, bearing magnet na-agafe agafe na ụfọdụ ihe nkwado na nhazi ndị ọzọ na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike - ụdị sistemụ bearing magnet jikọtara ọnụ. Ọ na-eburu n'uche njirimara zuru oke nke bearing magnet na-arụ ọrụ na bearing magnet na-agafe agafe.

 

Ihe ndọta njikọ a bụ iji ebe ndọta nke magnet na-adịgide adịgide mepụtara dochie ebe ndọta njikọ nke electromagnet, nke nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ibelata ike oriri nke ihe na-eme ka ike dịkwuo elu, kamakwa ibelata ọnụọgụ ampere nke electromagnet site na ọkara, belata olu nke ihe ndọta njikọ, ma melite ikike ibu ibu.

 

Ebe ọ bụ na magnet na-adịgide adịgide na-emepụta ubi magnet na-achịkwa site na electromagnet, bearings magnetik hybrid na-adịgide adịgide nwere uru ndị a:

 

1) A na-eji magnet na-adịgide adịgide enye ubi magnet nke na-agbanwe agbanwe, electromagnet na-enyekwa naanị ebe magnet na-achịkwa maka ịhazi ibu ma ọ bụ nnyonye anya mpụga, nke nwere ike izere mfu ike nke sistemụ ahụ kpatara ma belata ikpo ọkụ nke eriri igwe ahụ.

 

2) Ọnụọgụ ntụgharị achọrọ maka electromagnet nke ihe ndọta njikọ dị obere karịa nke ihe ndọta njikọ na-arụ ọrụ, nke na-enyere aka ibelata olu nke ihe ndọta njikọ na ihe nchekwa. Ụdị ihe ndọta a nwere uru nke obere nha, ibu dị mfe na arụmọrụ dị elu, ọ dịkwa mma maka obere nha na obere nha.